关键词: 活体观察, 活体测量, 客家人, 江西

Abstract: P>Objective To find the physical characteristics and Mongoloid type position of Hakka in Jiangxi province. Methods Investigation was undertaken in accordance with the international academic methods.Eighty-six physical characteristics of 337 males (154 urban adults and 183 rural adults)and 346 females (150 urban adults and 196 rural adults) of Hakka were investigated in Ganzhou county of Jiangxi province. Twenty-three physical indices were calculated and the distributions of them were analyzed accordingly. The physical characteristics of Hakka of Jiangxi were preliminarily analyzed. Results (1) The percentages of eyefold of upper eyelid of Hakka were lower than others.The percentages of Mongoloid fold were higher. Opening height of eyeslits was narrow. External angles were higher than internal angles in direction of eyeslits. The nasal root height was of middle-type, the nasal profile was straight and the nasal base was upturned. The height of alae nasi was of middle-type. The breadth of alae nasi was of wide-type. The upper lip skin height was of middle-type. Thin lips were slightly higher than medium type in males. Thickness of lips was mainly thin in females. Hair color was black and skin color was yellow. The eye color was brown. The indices of head and face observation of Jiangxi Hakka showed the characteristics of head and face in the ethnic groups North Asian type of Mongoloid, but the nose was wider. It also showed some physical characteristics of the ethnic groups South Asian type of Mongoloid.(2)Typical physical characteristics of Jiangxi Hakka belonged to brachycephaly, hypsicephalic type, metriocephalic type and mesorrhiny. Males were of euryprosopy, but females were of leptoprosopy. Jiangxi Hakka anthropometry indices of head and face were relatively close to the North of China type ethnic groups, but the indices of head and face were between the North of China ethnic group type and the South of China ethnic group type of Mongoloid. (3) Typical physical characteristics of Jiangxi Hakka were middle-sized stature, long trunk and subbrachyskelic type. In addition, males and urban females had middle chest circumference, but rural females had broad chest circumference. Males and rural females had medium shoulder breadth and broad shoulder breadth. Males were of a medium distance between iliac crests. Conclusion The results of cluster analysis show that the physical characteristics of Hakka are between the ethnic group types of the North and the South of China of Mongoloid./P>

Key words: P>Somatoscopy, Anthropometry, Hakka, Jiangxi/P>